THE IMPACT OF POST-BRENNAN'S STRATEGY ON THE PIVOTAL THINKING OF MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS IN MATHEMATICS
Main Article Content
Abstract
The current research aims to study the effect of the Post and Brennan strategy on pivotal thinking among middle school students in mathematics. The researchers adopted the experimental method, as they used an experimental design with a post-test for pivotal thinking for the two independent research groups (experimental and control). The experiment was applied to a sample consisting of Of (60) students distributed equally between the two research groups, experimental group (A) and control group (B), from the fifth scientific grade students in (Abu Jaafar Al-Mansour Preparatory School for Boys) affiliated with the General Directorate in Anbar Governorate - Fallujah Education Department for the academic year (2023-2024), The researchers conducted equivalence between the experimental and control research groups with some variables, namely: previous achievement in mathematics, intelligence test, previous knowledge, and the pivotal thinking test was constructed, which consisted of (42) objective items with four alternatives, one of which represented the correct choice, as the researchers verified its validity. Its stability was found acceptable. After completing the experiment, the pivotal thinking test was applied using the statistical package (SPSS-26). Levene’s test and the t-test were adopted for two independent samples. The results showed that the students of the experimental group who were taught according to the Post and Brennan strategy outperformed the students of the control group who were taught Teaching them according to the traditional method.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
References
Abu Jadu, Saleh Mohammed (2010): teaching theoretical thinking and practice, t2, Al Masirah Publishing and Distribution House, Amman Jordan.
Abu Jadu, Saleh and nofal, Muhammadu Bakr (2007): Teaching theoretical thinking and practice, T1, Al-Masirah Publishing and Distribution House, Amman, Jordan.
Abu Rayash, Hassan Mohammed, 2007: Knowledge Learning, Al Masirah Publishing House, Amman, Jordan.
Al-Ashqar, Faris rateb (2011): Philosophy of Thinking and Theories in Learning and Education, T1, Zahran Publishing and Distribution House, Amman, Jordan.
Al-adami Mays Aladdin (2018): The impact of a proposed strategy on the model (Eddy and Shire) in achievement and pivotal thinking among middle first graders in the subject of mathematics, (Master's thesis) Faculty of Education for Pure Sciences Ibn al-Haitham, University of Baghdad.
Al-Amin, Ismail Mohammed (2001): Methods of teaching mathematics (theories and applications), Dar al-Arabi Thought, Cairo, Egypt.
Al-Jabri, Kazim Karim Reda (2011): research curricula in education and psychology, Faculty of Basic Education, Baghdad, Iraq.
Jalarwan, Fathi Abdulrahman (2013) Learning Thinking Concepts and Applications, Q6, Dar Al-Thawr Publishers and Distributors, Amman, Jordan.
Al-Rabaie, Mahmoud Daoud and Al-Shammari, Mazen Abdul Hadi and Al-Tai, Mazen Hadi Quzar (2013): Theories of Learning and Mental Processes, T1, Dar Al-Bookshop, Beirut Lebanon.
Zayer, Saad Ali, Dawood Abdulsalam Sabri and Mohammed Hadi Hassan (2014): General teaching methods, Safaa Publishing and Distribution House, Amman, Jordan.
Al-Saadi, Youssef Falih and Yousef Fadil Tamimi (2014): Basic concepts in the teaching of science, I., Scientific Books House for Printing, Publishing and Distribution, Amman, Jordan.
Al-Sharif, Ahmed al-Arifi, 1996: The entrance to teaching mathematics, Open University, Tripoli - Great Jamahiriya.
Toualba, Hadi, Bassam Al-Sarayra, Nasrin Al-shamlia and Khalid Al-Sarayra (2011): Teaching Methods, I-5, Al-Masirah Publishing, Distribution and Printing House, Amman, Jordan.
Abdul Rahman, Anwar Hussein and Adnan Haqqi Zankanah (2007): Methodological patterns and applications in humanities and applied sciences, Al Wifaq Printing Company, Baghdad, Iraq.
Obeidat, dokhan and Sahila, Abu al-Sayed (2007): Brain, Learning and Thinking, I., Dar al-Thawr Publishing and Distribution, Amman, Jordan.
Al-Atom, Adnan Youssef and Alwanah, Shafiq Falah and Al-Jarah, Abdelnasser Dayab and Abu Ghazal, Maaouya Mahmoud (2014): Theoretical educational psychology and practice, Q5, Al-Masirah House for Publishing, Distribution and Printing, Amting, Amman, Jordan man, Jordan man,
Al Aziz, Said Abdul (2013): Teaching thinking and his skills for scientific training and applications, T3, Culture House for Publishing and Distribution, Amman, Jordan.
Attiya, Mohsen Ali (2015): Thinking his types, skills and educational strategies, I, Dar Al Safa Publishing and Distribution, Amman, Jordan.
Afana, Izzo Ismail and Taseer nshwan (2018): Modern Strategies in Thinking Education, 1, Samir Mansour Library, Gaza, Palestine.
Al-omria, Salahuddin and saif Al-omaria (2015): Teaching Methods of Science, I., Al-Nasr Al-Sharif, Amman, Jordan.
Al Qawasma, Ahmad Hassan and Abu Ghazaleh, Mohammed Ahmad (2013): Developing learning, thinking and research skills, Safa Publishing House, Amman, Jordan.
Marzono, Robert and Nshwan, yakoub Hussein and Khattab, Mohammed Saleh (2004): Dimending Thinking Framework for Curriculum and Teaching Methods, Translating Jacob Nshwan and Mohammed Khattab, T2, Al Furqan Publishing and Distribution House, Am, Jordan.
Marashidi, adra Radi Jawad (2022): The impact of the learning acceleration model on the achievement of mathematics and pivotal thinking among third-grade middle students (master's thesis) Faculty of Education for Pure Sciences Ibn al-Haytham, University of Baghdad.
Al Masoudi, Mohammed Hamid Mahdi and hakim of Musa Abdul Khadeer Al Hasnawi (2020): Applied Therapeutics for Modern Teaching New Vision, T1, Methodological Printing House, Amman, Jordan.
Mustafa, Nimr Mustafa (2013): Developing thinking skills, T1 Dar Abida, Publishers and Distributors, Amman, Jordan.
Nasser, Nour al-Hayat Hassan (2020): The effectiveness of using Treagust in the acquisition of mathematics and pivotal thinking skills among middle second graders, (Master's thesis) Faculty of Education for Pure Sciences Ibn al-Haytham, University of Baghdad.
Al-Nabhan, Moses (2004): Fundamentals of measurement in behavioral sciences, I., Al-Sharq Publishing and Distribution House, Amman, Jordan.
Nufel, Muhammadu Bakr; Al-Rimawi, Mahmoud Odeh, 2008: Practical applications in the development of thinking, Oman, Al-Masirah publishing house.
Al-Huaidi, Zaid (2010): General Science Teaching Methods in the Basic Stage, University Books Publishing House, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
Eble, R. L. (1972) : Essentials Of Educational Measurement Englewood Cliff, New Jersy.
Galyarn, Nelly (2003) : Teaching of thinking skills to learning , international, Journal of special.
Marazano R .J & others (1988) : Dimension of Thinking A-frame work for curriculum and Instructiin. ASCD, Alexandrin U.S.A.
Mathews, D.B. (2006) : the effect of thinking skills program on the cognitive abilities of middle school student, clearing house,vol. (65), 5.
Post , R. & Brennan , L . (1976) : An experimental study of effectiveness of formal versus an informal presentation of a general Heuristic Process on Problem Solving in Tenth - Grade Geometry , Journal for Research in Mathematics Education , Vol. (7) , No. (1).